Job satisfaction and its relationship with burnout among nurses working in COVID-19 wards: A descriptive correlational study.

Objective: Nurses' feeling of Job satisfaction and burnout profoundly impact the quality of nursing care. COVID-19, due to its unknown nature and high contagiousness, can cause high levels of stress and tension and, finally, burnout in nurses, affecting their job satisfaction. Therefore, we aimed to determine the level of job satisfaction and its relationship with burnout among nurses working in COVID-19 wards. Methods: This is a descriptive correlational study in which a total of 251 nurses working in COVID-19 wards were enrolled using stratified random sampling. Data collection was conducted using the demographic questionnaire, the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient. Result: The results showed that the majority of nurses (75.7%) had a low level of job satisfaction, 40.6% of nurses had a high level of emotional exhaustion (EE), 41.8% had a moderate level of EE, and 50.2% of nurses had a high level of depersonalization (DP). Furthermore, over half of nurses (55.8%) experienced reduced personal accomplishment (PA), and 27.5% had a moderate level of reduced PA. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between job satisfaction and EE (r=-0.394, p<.001). Moreover, job satisfaction negatively correlated with reduced PA (r=-5/590, p<.001). However, no statistically significant correlation was found between job satisfaction and DP (r=-0.122, p=.053). Conclusion: As most nurses reported low job satisfaction and high rates of burnout, nurse managers should consider appropriate measures to correct these factors. Such measures could also improve patient satisfaction and, ultimately, the efficiency of the health system.

Comparing relationship between spiritual well-being and death anxiety among women with breast and cervical cancers and women with gastric and colorectal cancers.

BACKGROUND: Death anxiety is one of the most common problems among women with cancer, which can affect the useful treatment process. With regard to the superior role of spiritual well-being over other aspects of health, the present study is aimed to compare the relationship between spiritual well-being and death anxiety among women with breast and cervical cancers and women with gastric and colorectal cancers. METHODOLOGY: This was a descriptive-correlational study. Research statistical population included Iranian women with cancer at major hospitals in Isfahan, Iran. 160 research samples were selected through convenience sampling method based on inclusion criteria using a demographic questionnaire, spiritual well-being scale (Paloutzian et al.) and death anxiety scale (Templer). Research data were analyzed through SPSS 22 using independent t-test, Pearson's correlation, and analysis of variance at significance level 0.05. RESULTS: The study findings indicated a significant inverse relationship between death anxiety and spiritual well-being (at 0.05) in both groups. As a result, people with higher spiritual well-being would experience less anxiety about death. In addition, the relationship between death anxiety and spiritual well-being in women with gastric and colorectal cancers was stronger than those with breast and cervical cancers. CONCLUSION: Spiritual well-being is of effective factors of death anxiety among women suffering from cancer. Spirituality and meeting spiritual needs are considered as nursing care priorities for these women. Furthermore, paying attention to the spirituality by nurses may shield against individual difficulties.

The relationship between spiritual well-being and hope, and adherence to treatment regimen in patients with diabetes.

BACKGROUND: Adherence to treatment regimen is one of the behaviors related to diabetes, which has predicted successful control of the disease and reduced its intensity as well as negative consequences. This study aimed to determine the relationship between spiritual well-being and hope, and adherence to treatment regimen in patients with type II diabetes referred to diabetes clinics. METHODS: In this descriptive-correlational study, 227 diabetic patients referred to healthcare centers and diabetes clinics affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were selected via cluster sampling (clinics) followed by convenience sampling (patients). The study data were collected using a demographic information form, spiritual well-being scale developed by Ellison and Paloutzian, Herth hope scale, and adherence to treatment regimen questionnaire. Then, the data were entered into the statistical software and were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: The results indicated that most participants had moderate spiritual well-being, high hope, and low adherence to treatment regimen. Additionally, spiritual well-being was directly associated with hope and reversely related to adherence to treatment. A significant reverse correlation was also observed between hope and adherence to treatment. CONCLUSION: Considering the fact that spiritual well-being and hope were reversely associated with adherence to treatment regimen, further studies should be done in this field. Also patients' image of God and their interpretations of being sick might not be appropriate and need correction.

Pattern of Internet Use by Iranian Nursing Students. Facilitators and Barriers.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the pattern of internet use and factors that facilitate or dissuade its use among nursing students from a university in Urmia, Iran. METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted with 162 nursing students selected through simple random sampling. RESULTS: The findings indicated that 49.1% of the students used the internet from 15 to 60 min per day. The principal use of the internet was to search for scientific content in the Web. Factors that facilitated internet use were "ease of use" and "Access to experts to solve problems and answer questions", while the dissuasive factors were "lack of concentration", "cost of internet services", and preference for information provided by professors or available directly in textbooks. Internet use by the students was related with the use of this tool in classroom activities and with English fluency. CONCLUSIONS: Students have an internet use pattern aimed at self-study that should be strengthened with knowledge of English, assignments online, familiarization with the use of electronic databases, and other strategies to motivate them to use this technology with greater frequency.

Pattern of Internet Use by Iranian Nursing Students. Facilitators and Barriers

Abstract Objective. To evaluate the pattern of internet use and factors that facilitate or dissuade its use among nursing students from a university in Urmia, Iran. Methods. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted with 162 nursing students selected through simple random sampling. Results. The findings indicated that 49.1% of the students used the internet from 15 to 60 min per day. The principal use of the internet was to search for scientific content in the Web. Factors that facilitated internet use were "ease of use" and "Access to experts to solve problems and answer questions", while the dissuasive factors were "lack of concentration", "cost of internet services", and preference for information provided by professors or available directly in textbooks. Internet use by the students was related with the use of this tool in classroom activities and with English fluency. Conclusion. Students have an internet use pattern aimed at self-study that should be strengthened with knowledge of English, assignments online, familiarization with the use of electronic databases, and other strategies to motivate them to use this technology with greater frequency.

Resumen Objetivo. Evaluar el patrón de uso del Internet y los factores que facilitan o disuaden su uso entre los estudiantes de enfermería de una universidad en Urmia, Irán. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en 162 estudiantes de enfermería seleccionados a través de un muestreo aleatorio simple. Resultados. Los hallazgos indicaron que el 49.1 % de los estudiantes usaron Internet de 15 a 60 minutos por día. El principal uso del Internet fue la búsqueda de contenido científico en la Web. Los factores que facilitaron el uso de internet fueron la "facilidad de uso" y el "acceso a expertos para resolver problemas y responder preguntas", mientras que los factores disuasivos fueron la "falta de concentración", el "costo de los servicios de Internet" y la preferencia por la información suministrada por profesores o disponible directamente en los libros. El uso del Internet por los estudiantes estuvo relacionado con empleo de esta herramienta en las actividades del salón de clase y con el dominio del idioma inglés. Conclusión. Los estudiantes tienen un patrón de uso del Internet encaminado al auto-estudio que debe fortalecerse en conocimiento del idioma inglés, asignaturas en línea, familiarización con el uso de bases electrónicas y otras estrategias para motivarlos a usar esta tecnología con mayor frecuencia.

Resumo Objetivo. Avaliar o padrão de uso da Internet e os fatores que facilitam ou dissuadem seu uso entre os estudantes de enfermagem de uma universidade em Urmia, Irã. Métodos. Se realizou um estudo descritivo de corte transversal em 162 estudantesde enfermagem que foram selecionados através de uma amostra aleatória simples. Resultados. As descobertas indicaram que 49.1% dos estudantes usaram Internet de 15 a 60 minutos por dia. O principal uso da Internet foi a busca de conteúdo científico na Web. Os fatores que facilitaram o uso de internet foram a "facilidade de uso" e o "acesso à especialistas para resolver problemas e responder perguntas", enquanto que os fatores dissuasivos foram a "falta de concentração", o "custo dos serviços de Internet" e a preferência pela informação subministrada por professores ou disponíveis diretamente nos livros. O uso da Internet pelos estudantes esteve relacionado com emprego desta ferramenta nas atividades da aula e com o domínio do idioma inglês. Conclusão. Os estudantes têm um padrão de uso da Internet encaminhado ao auto-estudo que deve fortalecer-se em conhecimento do idioma inglês, matérias em linha, familiarização com o uso de bases eletrônicas, e outras estratégias para motivá-los a usar com maior frequência esta tecnologia

The Relationship Between Critical Thinking Skills and Learning Styles and Academic Achievement of Nursing Students.

BACKGROUND: Academic achievement is one of the most important indicators in evaluating education. Various factors are known to affect the academic achievement of students. PURPOSE: This study was performed to assess the relationship between critical thinking skills and learning styles and the academic achievement of nursing students. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 139 sophomores to senior-year nursing students were selected using a simple random sampling method. The data were gathered using a three-part questionnaire that included a demographic questionnaire, the Kolb's Learning Style Standard Questionnaire, and the California Critical Thinking Skills Questionnaire. The previous semester's grade point average of the students was considered as a measure of academic achievement. The data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics in SPSS 20. RESULTS: The mean score for critical thinking skills was 6.75 ± 2.16, and the highest and lowest scores among the critical thinking subscales related to the evaluation and analysis subscales, respectively. No relationship between critical thinking and academic achievement was identified. "Diverging" was the most common learning style. The highest mean level of academic achievement was earned by those students who adopted the "accommodating" style of learning. A significant relationship was found between learning style and academic achievement (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: According to the findings, the critical thinking skills score of students was unacceptably low. Therefore, it is essential to pay more attention to improving critical thinking in academic lesson planning. As a significant relationship was found between learning style and academic achievement, it is suggested that instructors consider the dominant style of each class in lesson planning and use proper teaching methods that take into consideration the dominant style.

Nursing support for parents of hospitalized children.

BACKGROUND: Having a child in hospital is a stressful experience for most parents. Support from nurses can assist parents to maintain their parenting role and promote quality pediatric nursing care. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study is to describe the quality of nurse-parent support in Iranian parents of hospitalized children in pediatric sites. METHODS: This was a descriptive study using a convenience sample. Two hundred and thirty parents (183 mothers and 47 fathers) with hospitalized children took part in this survey that used the Nurse Parent Support Tool (NPST). This validated instrument has 21 items and 4 subscales (Informational Giving and Communication Support; Emotional Support; Appraisal Support and Instrumental Support), and was translated into Farsi. RESULTS: The total mean of the NPST was M = 4.1 (SD = 0.7). There was a significant difference between gender of the parents and the Instrumental Support subscale. Also, there was significant difference between among education level of parents and Emotional Support. In addition, there was significant difference related to the gender of the child and Information Giving and Communication Support and Appraisal Support. There was no significant difference in any of the subscales when analyzed for length of hospitalization, kind of diseases and age of children. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that parents received a high level of support from nurses. Nurses can promote the quality of family care and should be aware of the importance of the several types of nursing support in meeting the requests of parents. It is important that nurses continue to develop their knowledge about types of communication with the family, especially in providing support for the parent role.

Comparison of coping strategies in Iranian adolescents with cancer and their parents.

The diagnosis and treatment of cancer in adolescence requires that adolescents and their parents learn to adjust to the changes associated with cancer. This article presents results about the relationship between parental and adolescent coping. This study examined 120 adolescents in Iran with cancer (aged 11-18) and their parents. Coping was assessed using the Coping Strategies Inventory. Findings showed that there was a positive linear correlation between adolescents' engagement coping and disengagement coping and that of their parents. Logistic regression analysis indicated that 35.5% of engagement coping of adolescents and 24.1% of adolescent disengagement coping was dependent on the parents' coping strategies. Results indicated that adolescents were able to adapt to cancer within the context of a strong family. Nurses may be able to promote adolescent coping strategies by teaching engagement coping to patients' families.

Workplace violence and abuse against nurses in hospitals in iran.

PURPOSE: The rising rate of violence and abuse in health care centers has become a major problem for nurses. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to explore the prevalence of assaults during nurses' careers in the Islamic Republic of Iran. METHODS: Self-report questionnaires were filled out by 1,317 nurses. RESULTS: Verbal abuse was experienced by 87.4% of the population during a 6-month period, and physical violence by 27.6% during the same period of time. No physical harm was reported in 66.4% of cases. Only 35.9% cases of verbal abuse and 49.9% cases of physical violence were actually reported. The majority of cases reported that abuse was followed by either inaction or by actions which failed to satisfy the victim. According to the findings, men were exposed to more abuse than women, and the risk of experiencing abuse was higher in nurses with more job experience or who worked more hours. Also, nurses who are responsible for first aid were subjected to more abuse than those in other positions. CONCLUSION: The findings showed a noticeable trend of a rising number of assaults against nurses. The findings of this study may help hospital staff and nurses to avoid, reduce and control violence and abuse.